Estimation of wind energy potential and comparison of six Weibull parameters estimation methods for two potential locations in Nepal

This study analyzes the wind speed characteristics, compares the six different methods (graphical, method of moment, wind energy pattern factor, empirical method of Justus and Lysen, and maximum likelihood method) of estimating Weibull parameters and calculates wind power density using daily mean wind speed data collected, at a height of 2 m, over a period of seven and eight years for Jumla and Okhaldhunga, respectively. Wind data were estimated at a height of 50 m to calculate average wind speed, Weibull parameters, and wind power density. Based on the results, Jumla has an average monthly maximum wind speed of 9.78 m/s in June and minimum wind speed of 6.71 m/s in December, whereas Okhaldhunga has an average monthly maximum wind speed of 10.95 m/s in April and minimum wind speed of 4.52 m/s in October. Jumla has an average annual wind speed of 8.11 m/s while Okhaldhunga has an average annual wind speed of 6.89 m/s. The accuracy of estimation methods was statistically tested using root mean square error and coefficient of determination. The empirical method of Justus and Lysen was found to be the best performing while the graphical method performed the poorest. By using the best method, an average wind power density has been estimated as 336.07 W/m2 and 326.73 W/m2 for Jumla and Okhaldhunga, respectively, indicating that both locations belong to wind power class III and have a moderate potential for wind energy harvesting.